[57s]
Pergolide mesylate
( Links/Pergolide mesylate)
was shown to be useful in
preserving the
nigrostriatal system in rats.
However, this ergot-derived drug may cause drowsiness.
Principles of Neural Aging,
Chapter 4, "General Theories of Aging: Unification and Synthesis" by Joseph L. Graves Jr.
[58s] Studies suggest a loss of conformational flexibility of chromatin fibers with age.
In old brains the activities of protein kinase and adenosine triphosphates are decreased,
which affects phosphorylation, a mechanism for inducing changes in molecular configuration.
The temperature needed to separate 2 DNA strands increases in aging brain.
This was believed to be due to increased binding of proteins to DNA.
This could also be due to an increased number of cross-links due to disulphide bonds observed in other tissues.
Increased binding of proteins to DNA could be caused by the observed decrease in the phosphorylation of histones
(Kango, 1980).
A decline in non-histone chromosomal proteins was also reported,
possibly contributing to lack of chromatin flexibility.
Note that in human neurons spacing between nucleosomes increases with age,
although neuroglial chromatin showed no such change.
On the other hand, rat brain chromatin shows increasing condensation with age.
Note that overall reduction in methylation of DNA has been found with aging,
and application of 5-azacytidine, a demethylation inducer, causes a decrease in DNA methylation
and reduces the life span of cultured cells.
(SAM-e may promote healthy DNA methylation.)
Principles of Neural Aging,
chap.5, "Structural Expression of Gene Regulation: Chromatin Reorganization" by Alvaro Macieira Coelho,
ibed.
Age-related lack of expression of certain genes seems to be common.
[59s] Notes from
Principles of Neural Aging
ed. Dani, Hori, and Walter, 1997:
Abnormal cytoskeletal proteins accumulate in aging neurons, ect.,
and when maintenance capacity is exceeded, the senescent phenotype appears.
Neuron shrinkage is observed due to an imbalance between protein degradation by proteolysis and protein synthesis.
Up to 20% of synapses are lost.
Synapse loss may be prevented by imposing an enriched environment.
The 16.5 billion neurons of the brain (10-20 billion is the normal range) are not lost
except in the nucleus basalis of Meynert, the main source of brain cholinergic fibers,
and in the locus caeruleus, the main source of noradrenergic fibers.
By the 10th decade, 35-40% of the original complement has been lost.
Smaller female brains have the same number of neurons and higher neuron density.
Capacity to synthesize proteins for physiological integrity is reduced,
and accumulation of lipofuscin is the primary feature,
with lipopigment material accumulated in lysosomes as peroxidized lipids
interacting with other molecules via glycosylation to form cross-links between proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Neuritic Plaques (NP) and Neurofibrillary Tangles (NFP)
are hallmarks of structural protein precipitation in neuronal aging and AD,
being most commonly seen in larger cells, with exponentially increasing incidence with neuron size and age.
NP and NFP seem to be different phases of the same process, starting with NP,
a cytoskeletal degeneration of the neurons.
Incidence of NP and NFP peaks in the 8th decade, when brain atrophy becomes important.
Increased brain atrophy correlates to increased NP and NFP. (Exercise your brain!)
NP and NFP may sometimes vanish completely.
NP formation starts with neurite degeneration.
(You might try the Life Extension Foundation's Acetyl L-Carnitine Arginate,
which promotes neurite growth, to counteract this,
perhaps with vinpocetine
or hydergine
[ 10] for improved circulation and oxygenation,
along with an enriched environment providing plenty of stimulation.
Ashwagandha [63s] inhibits acetylchoinesterase and regenerates neural tissue,
and Huperzine A [65s], which uses a similar mechanism, may also be useful.)
The number of synapses declines as neurons age, and the number of neurites is reduced
in the early progress of neurite degeneration.
(Age-related failure of proteolysis may be key,
suggesting a diet of cold water fish to replace arachidonic acid,
which can eventually form reaction products gumming up proteasomes.
[ 2s])
Another sign of neuron degeneration is the appearance of
corpora amylacea
forming in astrocytes,
starting in the 3rd decade,
caused
by excess glucose.
Lafora bodies are also found intra-axonally, most commonly in neurodegenerative diseases.
Total RNA is reduced. Pigmentation is lost in the cells of the substantia nigra,
with initially 7 pigmented cells for each unpigmented one, and finally just 2 pigmented cells per unpigmented cell.
(This might be curable with Deprenyl, or possibly with pergolide mesylate,
which preserves the nigrostriatial system in rats.)
From Chap.19, "Histological Markers of Neuronal Aging" by Sergio U. Dani, and
Chapter 18 "The Aging Human Cerebral Cortex: Morphometry of Areal Differences and their Functional Meaning"
by Herbert Haug.
Between 21 and 77, nerve impulse velocity declines from 57 m/sec to 48 m/sec,
and the amplitude of sensory potentials drops from 43 to 21 microvolts, 51%.
A decline of 1 m/sec per decade is seen between 20 and 55 years of age,
and 3 m/sec per decade after 55.
Propagation velocity degradation is due to changes in the
myelin sheath,
and unmyelinated nerves are spared.
From Chapter 23, "Changes in the Peripheral Nervous System" by Thierry Maisonobe and Jean-Jacques Hauw.
See also Google links on
Myelin sheath support.
Typical ingredients in Myelin sheath support preparations include:
Yogaraj Guggul Gum Resin,
European Elderberry,
Asian Ginseng Root,
Tienchi Ginseng Root,
Hawthorn Berry Extract,
Shilajit Mineral Resin,
Bromelain (from pineapple) [36s]p,
Amla Fruit Extract,
Indian Olibanum Gum Resin,
Licorice Root Extract,
Ashwagandha [63s] Root Extract,
Chinese Salvia Root,
Turmeric Root Extract (curcumin) [40s],
Hericum Erinaceus Mycelium,
Astragalus Root Extract,
Bacopa Plant Extract,
Ginger Root,
Long Pepper Fruit,
Boron Chelate,
and Black Pepper Fruit Extract.
See also volume loss in aging brain
in Selective Atrophy
of Left Hemisphere and Frontal Lobe of the Brain in Old Men.
Late passage senescent cells have a lowered rate of protein synthesis.
A random loss of isoaccepting tRNAs (of more than 60 types) will progressively restrict the readability of codons,
resulting in inefficiency and inaccuracy of protein synthesis.
tRNA synthetases were also implicated.
(Perhaps these compounds can be taken as supplements.)
Small genes display more codon usage bias than larger ones,
thus small gene products may be more damaged by tRNA shortages.
According to Orgel (1963), translation error catastrophe results in cell senescence because of positive feedback.
The level of auto-antibodies increases with age in man,
but autoimmune pathology is not thought to be the primary cause of aging in man.
Free radicals and ROS led to the evolution of anti-oxidant defenses
including the enzymes SOD [52], catalase, and glutathione peroxidase,
with repair systems including proteasomes and lysosomes preventing the accumulation of oxidatively damaged molecules.
Non-enzymatic anti-oxidants include vitamin E and glutathione.
The damaging effects of oxygen free radicals on nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids
may be caused by increased production of oxidatively damaged macromolecules
produced by age-related decrease of of protective enzymes such as SOD and catalase.
Longevity is proportional to (the inverse?) of the SOD generation rate,
and caloric restriction extends maximum life span by lowering oxidative stress and
by lowering glycation of proteins by sugars.
Reduced transcription of proteins is implicated in aging,
and orthine decarboxylase mRNA translation
is inefficient, resulting in protein that is rapidly degraded.
(Perhaps orthine supplements should be taken.)
Thymidine kinase production is also reduced.
Protein modifications accumulating with age include
1) Non-enzymatic glycosylation,
2) Cross-linking,
3) Amino acid side-chain mods due to reactive oxygen radicals,
4) Spontaneous deamidation of glutamine and asparagine residues,
5) Proteolytic clips in peptide backbone, and
6) Conformational alterations without covalent changes.
Damage agents include
a) Thermal denaturation,
b) hydrolysis,
c) free radicals,
d) glycation,
e) cross-linkage.
Not all proteins become aberrant with age.
A decline in oxydative phosphorylation with age
is due to oxidative damage of mitochondria and mtDNA contributing to Parkinsons, Alzheimers, and Huntington diseases.
Chronic hypoxia (oxygen deficient tissues) may be an important feature in the occurrence of mtDNA deletions
associated with neurodegenerative disorders including Kearns-Sayre syndrome,
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson disease.
Note that there is 4.3 times as much mtDNA per organelle in the brain than in other bodily organs.
(Probably vinpoctine or hydergine would help alleviate the problem by oxygenating the tissues involved.)
Hypoxia leads to increased lactic acid production and lowered brain pH, leading to iron release.
Regions rich in iron deposition and those with reduced glucose metabolism seem to be the most affected.
(Iron catalyzes the peroxidation of lipids via the Fenton reactions,
and can be combated with iron-ligating curcumin in turmeric root.)
Senile plaque formation goes up when a 75% obstruction of a coronary artery producing hypoxia is observed.
Women with a history of myocardial infarction had a 5 times increase in the incidence of dementia.
High cholesterol diets to rabbits produced hypoxia downstream from arterial occlusions
and β-amyloid immunoreactivity in their brain cells.
mtDNA deletions increased 8 to 2200-fold in heart tissue from individuals suffering from ischemic heart disease.
The putamen has high levels of dopaminergic neurons generating oxygen radicals via monoamine oxydase,
resulting in a high level of mtDNA 4977 deletions.
High iron levels in the putamen may be involved.
Mutant mtDNA has been observed 100-fold in aging rats.
A 120 kilodalton nucDNA-binding protein was induced by hypoxia.
Hypoxia can lead to mitochondria catastrophe by increasing ROS generation.
From Chapter 6, "Deletions of the Mitochondrial Genome and Neurodegenerate Diseases" by Steve Zullo and Carl R. Merril.
Daily protein intake is 60-70 grams of protein,
but the daily protein synthesis is 280-320 grams, a factor of about 5!
Constituent proteins are constantly being degraded and the amino acids re-used,
so maintenance of the proteolytic system is highly important.
The turnover rates of molecular species are:
nucDNA < myelin lipids < histone proteins < mtDNA < microsomal lipids < RNAs & proteins.
There are over 10 billion protein molecules per cell,
with perhaps as few as 1000 to 100,000 copies of a rare protein per cell.
Modifications to these proteins may occur through
a) phosphorylation,
b) oxidation,
c) glycation,
d) deamidation,
e) racemization,
f) isomerization,
g) methylation, and
h) ADP-ribosylation.
The extent of protein oxidation during aging is determined by measuring the carbonyl content of protein derivatives
from proline, arginine, or lysine.
Glycation of proteins involves glucose reacting with free amino groups of proteins
to form an Amidori product ketoamine.
Lens crystallins, collagen, and basement membrane proteins are susceptible.
Glycated proteins form cross-links.
Deamidation converts neutral amide groups to acidic groups,
resulting in age-related changes in protein conformation,
catalytic activity, heat stability, and affinity for substrate.
Spontaneous prolyl cis-trans isomerization causes age-related decline of certain enzymes.
The maximum life span of 13 species is directly correlated to the activity of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
( PARP) in mononuclear leukocytes.
ADP-ribosylation of proteins is involved in chromatin maintenance,
DNA repair, protein synthesis, cell differentiation, and cell transformation.
"Normal cells replicate by dividing DNA into two strands and copying each strand.
Before replication, damage in the DNA is usually repaired using a protein called PARP.
If PARP is absent or inhibited then the cells use a second mechanism called recombination
to fix the damage and continue to replicate."
See Links/PARP,
Books/PARP, and
Links/PARP and life extension
with the article L-Selegiline (Deprenyl)
Potentiates the Cellular Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation Response to Ionizing Radiation.
Note: a globular protein of > 60,000 daltons is scarcely able to enter the nucleus though the nuclear pore,
a protein of about 17,000 daltons equilibrates in < 2 min,
and a protein of 44,000 daltons takes 30 minutes to equilibrate.
- From Chapter 7, "Molecular Turnover and Aging" by Sergio U. Dani.
I note that the 123 kilodalton molecule telomerase probably goes through the nuclear pore
as two small chunks associated with the hTERC RNA template part of telomerase
and the hTERT protein for the catalytic part of the enzyme.
[60s] Aging
from the Biology Pages of Kimball on Ultranet.
An interesting alternative treatment with many supporting links reminiscent of
Ben Best's Mechanisms of Aging.
[61s] Astaxanthin, C 40H 52O 4,
[ Links/Astraxanthin]
a strong anti-oxidant and xanophyll group carotenoid
found in the arctic marine microalgae
Haemateococcus pluvialis, and
makes its way up the food chain into
salmon, lobster, rainbow trout, red caviar, shrimp, crawfish, and crab, and with great abundance
in Alaskan sockeye salmon.
It may also be obtained "by fermentation of the pink yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous
or extraction of the pigment from by-products of crustacea such as the Antarctic krill
( Euphausia superba)".
The "astaxanthin" C 40H 52O 4
molecule is phallus-shaped.
It "exhibits strong free radical scavenging activity and protects against lipid peroxidation and
oxidative damage of LDL-cholesterol, cell membranes, cells, and tissues".
Only lycopene and gamma-carotine
exhibit a stronger singlet oxygen quenching rate.
Perhaps tomatoes will sometimes provide better
anti-oxidant protection than astaxanthin.
However, the effects of beta-carotene, canthaxanthin, zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, or alpha-tocopherol
on peroxyl radical initiated peroxidation of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine liposomes (Lim et al. 1992)
produced the result that the order of delaying PC-OOH formation was:
astaxanthin > zeaxanthin > canthaxanthin > beta-carotene.
However, in a similar experiment alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E),
delayed PC-OOH formation at an even greater rate.
In a separate experiment,
"astaxanthin was found to be superior to alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene in protecting against
paraquat-induced oxidative stress".
Astaxanthin health benefits are
numerous,
including application to macular degeneration,
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, cholesterol disease (ameliorates the effects of LDL, the "bad" cholesterol),
stroke (repairing damage caused by lack of oxygen),
and cancer.
Some journals report
" amazing results".
Also see the Astaxanthin notes of Dr. Ray Sahelian,
Astaxantin References, and
astaxanthin references from the NNFA.
Astaxanthin
was described this month in Life Extension magazine
in an article by Dr. Nicholas V. Perricone,
" The Perricone Weight Loss Program".
Astaxanthin-rich carotenoid oleoresin may be extracted from the algae Haematococcus pluvialis
using a super critical carbon dioxide extraction
technique.
The algae can be
farmed best
where light is intensive.
Also, tobacco has been genetically modified
to produce antaxanthin,
and efficient
antaxanthin synthesis procedures are being developed.
[62s] Ideal Dosages of Universal Supplements
according to Kurzweil and Grossman,
with additional Useful Supplements, Exercise, and Diet.
From
Fantastic Voyage
( Grossman Site), as modified by my footnotes and references.
See the Life Extension Magazine article,
Futurist Ray Kurzweil: On Building Bridges to Immortality,
which includes the following table with separate recommendations for men and women.
Also see my section on An Optimum Anti-Aging Program.
[ Books/Drug Dosages,
Links/Drug Dosages,
Wikipedia/Tocicology,
Toxicity].
Nutrient | US RDA | Optimum Amount
Vitamin A
(IU) | 3330 (men) | 5000 || Wikipedia
| LifeExtension/Vitamin_A
| Books/Vitamin_A
Vitamin D
(IU) | 200-600 | 600-2000 || Wikipedia
| LifeExtension/Vitamin_D
| Books/Vitamin_D
Vitamin E
(IU) | 22-33 | 400-800 || Wikipedia
| LifeExtension/Vitamin_E
| Books/Vitamin_E
Note: Gamma tocopherol form of vitamin E, 200-600 mg/day, reduces peroxynitrite radicals alpha tocopherol can't handle.
Preferred form of vitamin E.
[LifeExtension/gamma tocopherol,
Books,
Links].
"Alpha-tocotrienol has been shown to be 40 - 60 times more potent than alpha-tocopherol
as an antioxidant in the prevention of lipid peroxidation."
[Wikipedia/tocotrienols,
LifeExtension,
Links,
Books]
Vitamin K
(mcg) | 120 (men) | 90-120 || [Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books]
Note: Vitamin K2 [LifeExtension,
Wikipedia,
Links,
Books].
B1
(thiamine)(mg) | 1.2 (men) | 10-200. || [Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books] L.E. mag: B1 opposes glycation & glucose toxicity.
B2 (riboflavin)(mg)
| 1.3 (men) | 10-100 || [Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books]
B3
(niacin)(mg) | 16 (men) | 20-100 || [Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books]
[6s], [10s].
B6
(pyroxine)(mg) | 1.3-1.7 (Men) | 50-100 || [Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books]
B12
(cobalamin)(mcg) | 2.4 | 10-25 || [Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books]
Folic acid
(mcg) | 400 | 400-800. || [Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books] Large dose of folic acid reduces homocysteine levels.
Vitamin C
(mg) | 90 (men) | 500-2000. Big dose of C required to use
N-acetyl-cysteine
for mercury detox. [27-31],
[LifeExtension,
Books].
Calcium
(mg) | 1000-1200 | 1000-1500 || [Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books]
Magnesium
(mg) | 420 (men) | 400-600 || [Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books]
Iron
(mg) | 8 (men) | 0. A big dose of Iron catalyzes lipid-membrane-destructive Fenton reactions.
[LifeExtension,
Books].
Zinc
(mg) | 15 (men) | 15-30 || [Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books]
Copper
(mg) | 0.9 | 0.5-4. Copper helps cancer to spread, is chelated by curcumin.
[Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books]
Selenium
(mcg) | 55 | 100-250. Selenium is a valuable antioxidant.
|| [Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books]
Manganese
(mg) | 2.3 (men) | 2-5 || [Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books]
Chromium
(mcg) | 30-35 (men) | 120-200. [LifeExtension,
Wikipedia,
Books]
Insulin regulator, chromium picolinate ups mouse lifespan 15%.
Omega-3 fatty acids
(mg) | 1600 (men) | EPA:1000-3000, DHA:700-2000. EPA alone raises triglycerides.
Supernutrients - Dosages
Coenzyme Q
| 30-100 mg twice a day || Wikipedia
| LifeExtension/Coenzyme Q
| Books/Coenzyme Q,
super bioavailable ubiquinol CoQ10 preferred. [59],
[16s].
Grape Seed Extract
| 50-100 mg twice a day || Wikipedia
| LifeExtension/GSE
| Books/GSE [36]
Lipoic Acid | 50-100 mg twice a day
|| Wikipedia
| LifeExtension/Lipoic Acid
| Books/Lipoic Acid [70]
Carnosine
| 250-500 mg twice a day || Wikipedia |
| LifeExtension/Carnosine
| Books/Carnosine [69],
[2s], [9s].
Resveratrol
| 200 mg twice a day || Wikipedia |
| LifeExtension/Resveratrol
| Books/Resveratrol [100],
[14s].
Specific Supplements
Lutein for eye health - 6 mg
[Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Links,
Books].
Indole-3 Carbinol
for breast, prostate health - 200 mg. Reduces conversion of testosterone to estrogen.
|| Wikipedia
Lycopene for prostate health - 10-30 mg
[Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Links,
Books]
Saw Palmetto for prostate health - 320 mg
[Wikipedia,
LifeExtension,
Books,
Links]
Garlic Extract for heart, blood pressure
- 1600 mg [ Wikipedia,
Books]
Arginine for heart, blood pressure - 6000-9000 mg
[Wikipedia,
Books],
[21s]. Thymic recovery < $10.00 per month.
Vinpocetin for memory support - 10-20 mg
[Wikipedia,
Books]
Other Supplements mentioned in Kurzweil and Grossman
Curcumin 200 mg/day turmeric,
with piperine or black pepper, chelates iron and copper, and a COX-2 inhibitor.
[Wikipedia/Curcumin,
LifeExtension/Curcumin,
Books].
Cross-Reference List of Anti-Aging Medicines
| International Anti-Aging Systems Medicine Cross-Reference
Additional Useful Supplements
Melatonin - 3 mg of melatonin 1 hour before bedtime
- [1],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia]
DHEA - 100 mg/day. Opposes cortisol, increases IGF-1. (2),
[18s],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
Echinacea - 100 mg/day - Immune system booster.
[105],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
Shark Liver Oil - Immune system booster, anti-cancer, 30-day application.
[108],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wiki].
Deprenyl (Selegiline)- Dopamine re-uptake inhibitor for iron chelation, ect.
[11s],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wiki].
Genistein - Phytoestrogen, anticancer, found in soy.
[20s],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
Daidzein - Phytoestrogen, anticancer, found in soy.
[20s],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
Arginine - 3 gr/day may restore thymic hormone levels.
Used with alpha lipoic acid to improve neurite growth.
[21s],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
SAMe - for methylation enhancement, reduces homocysteine.
[25s],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
TMG - Trimethylglycine, for methylation, reduces homocysteine.
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
Sesame Lignans - improves gamma tocopherol levels, increases mitochondrial activity.
[26s],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
DHA - Brain food from fish oil. [30s],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
SODzyme - Improves SOD levels. [48s],
[49s], [52],
[LifeExtension,
Links].
GliSODin - Improves SOD levels. [48s],
[49s], [52],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books].
Huperzine A - Improves SOD levels. [48s],
[49s], [52],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
Ashwagandha - Improves endogenous antioxidant levels, including SOD.
[48s], [49s],
[52],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
Hydergine - Vasodilator.
[110],
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
Zeaxanthin - [LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia] with Lutein and
Mesozeaxanthin [LifeExtension]
useful for preventing
macular degeneration.
[101].
Ginger - Useful for COX-2 and NFκB inhibition.
NFκB is inhibited by ibuprofin, N-acetylcysteine, lipoic acid,
zinc, omega-3 fatty acids EPA & DHA, soy isoflavones, curcumin, licorice root extracts,
capsaicin, oil of cloves, ginger extracts, ursolic acid from basil and rosemary extracts,
garlic, pomegranate fruit extract, SAMe, and resveratrol.
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
Pomegranate - A powerful antioxidant inhibiting to atherosclerosis.
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
Bilberry - Strengthens veinous system walls, improves vision with anthocyanidins.
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Wikipedia].
Telomere Remodeling with Cyclic Telomerase Activation
(Green, TA Sciences,
Geron,
Telomolecular)
(7)
Run telomerase activation as a square wave with a cycle period of a month,
(1) Two weeks using telomerase activation with astragalosides,
(2) Then two weeks using telomerase inhibitors
[81s/TI] not used during the first two weeks.
This procedure is expected to produce telomere elongations of less than 38 base pairs per month, that is,
less than 456 base pairs/year.
About 50-200 telomere base pairs are typically lost per cell division,
although antioxidants may reduce the loss rate.
Humans have about 50 cell divisions available from the embryonic stage of development,
so this procedure may outdistance the aging process, although treatment should continue for years.
TA Sciences does as well as the maximum
here in blood granulocytes, 230 base pairs during each 3-month telomerase-on pulse
in the Patton protocol using TA-65, which is probably cycloastragenol.
This corresponds to a rejuvenation rate of about 9 years backwards in time per year, or 0.75 years/month.
2 bottles/month,
5 droppers/day =
14-day supply.
|
1-Month Supply
for Cyclic Activation
of Telomerase
3 bottles/month,
6 capsules/day =
15-day supply.
Both together
amount to about
$50.00/month.
|
(1) GAIA Extra Strength Astragalaus Extract, (formerly available) 77 drops/5 mg of astragalosides,
5 mg/day, or regular GAIA Astragalaus extract, 150 drops/5 mg of astrogalosides, 5 mg/day.
GAIA made other astragaloside-specific
astragalus extracts
that were used, including their standard
Astragalus Extract and astragalus extract in glycerin.
Available astragalus extract pills
typically feature 1 mg astragalosides per 250 mg of extract.
Since GAIA Herbs changed their formula to something weaker early in 2009,
I have substituted 6 x 200 mg/day Solaray Astragalus Root Extract (1200 mg/day)
in order to approach 5 mg/day astragalosides during a 15-day turn on period followed by 15 days off.
Solaray Astragalus Root Extract at this dose satisfies my toxicology checks,
although it is more than Solaray recommends.
The lower dose is suitable for activating Interleukin 2 in connection with preventing the common cold,
but I suspect it is unsuitable for anti-aging telomerase activation at 200 mg/day.
Another alternative uses
Herbal Remedies
Astragalus 1.25 mg astragalosides per 250 mg cap.
Via Nature's Way; Astragalus Extract
( Standardized 0.5% Astragalosides ), Nature's Way - 60 VCapsules,
Astragalus, dried extract 250mg (root) 0.5% astragalosides, with
Astragalus (root) 250mg. 4 capsules yield 5 mg astragalosides.
Recently, I have
been using 6 x 200 mg capsules of Solaray Astragalus Extract per day, taken with 5 droppers
of Herb Pharm Astragalus Extract in a glass of water and 4 to 8 capsules of
Natural Balance Chitosan
to improve bioavailability.
I seem to see a rejuvenation rate of about B = - 5.2 years per year with this approach. I also
take this with vitamin D, about like Medical Nutraceutics recommends for its
Maximum Telomere Support
astragaloside IV plus vitamin D approach.
(2) Telomerase inhibitors garlic, turmeric (curcumin), resveratrol, quercetin, vitamin E, green tea,
melatonin, silymarin, and fish oil EPA may be taken during the 2nd two weeks,
but must not be taken during the first two weeks.
TA Sciences: A six-month cycle time using
TA-65
(probably cycloastragenol 5 mg) for this procedure
is called the Patton protocol,
and is probably superior to the first procedure using commercially available concentrated astragalus extract
taken at maximum recommended dosage equivilant to about 30 g of astragalus root.
According to
Geron's European patent (or see A' alternate-source version
Compositions and Methods for Increasing Telomerase Activity,
or A''),
astragaloside IV [Links,
Books] may also be used
at 50-100 mg/day. (By 10/17/2009 Terraternal and RevGenetics both market Astragaloside IV, and
RevGenetics also markets cycloastragenol as Astral-Fruit C.)
Note that astragaloside IV is more bioavailable in astragalus extract, however.
Obviously, the 3-month initial ON pulse of the Patton protocol gets results more quickly.
[81s/6b].
TA Sciences runs activation/deactivation for a year.
It may be possible to specify effective skin treatment with astragalus root extract in glycerin
or in glycerin mixed with olive oil to be used on a similar cyclic basis to reconstruct telomeres
in skin or scalp cells in a way that opposes both hair greying and wrinkles. Terraternal makes
Astragaloside IV skin cream for this application.
Perhaps a gensenoside-oriented telomerase activation procedure could be defined using Solaray Koren Ginseng Extract,
60 capsules/bottle, featuring 535 mg ginseng extract per capsule with 26 mg of ginsensodes per capsule
having Rg1/Rg2 = 0.5,
Rg1 being listed by Geron as ginsenoside RH1? [81s/6b],
Links/ginsenosides.
However, Ginseng Extracts may also contain ginsenoside RH2, a telomerase inhibitor.
Astragalus, however, has many favorable properties and
low toxicity
that make in the winner for now.
For instance, it
increases the number of stem cells in bone marrow
and lymphatic tissue, preparing them for conversion into immune system cells
or other cells derived from bone marrow stem cells, such as brain cell microglia.
See Vendors/Astragalus Extract, Astragalus, and Astragalosides,
with Toxicology of Astragalus.
Most recently,
extra TERT in mouse skin
has been shown to affect stem cells in a way that promotes hair growth,
so that perhaps small molecule telomerase activators may be useful in promoting human hair growth.
(Probably Terraternal Astragaloside IV skin cream will be most useful for this application.)
In other words, astragalosides from astragalus extract or ginsenoside Rh1 from Korean Ginseng Extract
may be useful in restoring hair.
However, Korean Ginseng extract may also contain ginsenoside Rh2, a telomerase inhibitor.
Astragalosides, in particular, are known to promote stem cell proliferation,
as required according to research at Artandi Labs.
However, this is a new domain of research.
Astragalus extract is available in glycerin at 30 drops/mg of astragalosides (formerly from
GAIA Herbs and from several competing vendors.
Toxicology literature and experiments in progress show that it may be applied topically to the skin and scalp.
As a matter of fact, no problems are immediately evident if 35 mg of astragalosides
are applied over the entire body all at once, using an entire bottle of GAIA astragalus extract in glycerin,
and astragalus toxicology studies
seem to show that this would not be harmful.
Getting it in the eyes does not seem to sting.
However, many experiments and measurements remain to be done in this domain,
and this is outside the scope of the manufacturer's recommendations.
(Safety checks for inducing retinoblastoma in animal eyes should be done.
Pure chemicals like astragaloside IV may be most useful for application to the eyes.)
Also, note that anti-cataract eyedrops similar to
carnosine eyedrops for cataracts
may be fashioned from astragalosides in glycerin.
Ocular keratocyte senescence would be opposed by such eyedrops.
See also Ramirez et al., 1997
on telomerase expression in human hair follicles
[Papers,
Books].
"Intuition suggests that telomerase intervention might effectively restore hair growth in elderly males."
- Michael Fossel,
Cells, Aging, and Human Disease,
p.160.
Fossel also notes that among progerics, whose fibroblasts exhibit short telomeres, baldness is almost universal.
My impression today is that telomerase activation is crucial for long-range life extension
and that many other solutions are palatives by comparison.
Music: Time in a Bottle by Jim Croce.
Note that the bioavailability of astragaloside IV
[molecule,
Article,
Papers],
which is higher in astragalus extract than when taken as a purified drug, can be increased by
chitosan
[Wiki/chitosan,
Links/chitosan] or
sodium
deoxycholate
[Links,
Books].
Furthermore, it has been noted that Astragaloside IV bioavailability is improved
by the addition of some powdered astragalus membranaceus root,
so that an astragalus root powder capsule may be a useful supplement to our program.
I might add that astragalus extract also contains Astragaloside VII,
which markedly boosts the levels of Interleukin-2,
also a useful telomerase activator for immune system T-cell lymphocytes.
Other Readily Available Telomerase Activators
Otherwise, it may be useful to take whey protein, which ups HGH,
and arginine, which ups NO levels,
while using astragalosides or astragalosides + chitosan to activate telomerase.
Nitric Oxide from arginine supplements causes anabolic effects,
including telomerase activation and delay of cellular senescence in epithelial tissue
according to Vasa, et al., 2000,
and Hayashi, et al., 2006.
Since NO reacts with the superoxide anion to form peroxynitrite,
which produces hydroxyl radicals,
it is probably a good idea to use the peroxynitrite inhibitor gamma-tocopherol
when using NO to promote telomerase activation.
Bodybuilding exercises promote nitric oxide synthase production,
and in the presence of arginine this leads to NO generation suitable for telomerase activation
and promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis.
NO generation is also promoted by broccoli sprouts, genistein, and resveratrol.
Finally, the release of NO in endothelial tissues is promoted by acetylcholine,
which may be boosted with Ashwagandha or Huperzine A.
Nitric oxide release for purposes of telomerase activation
might be best promoted in the vascular endothelium by bodybuilding workouts
in presence of arginine and Ashwagandha or Huperzine A as supplements,
to which we might add broccoli sprouts, genistein, or resveratrol with gamma tocopherol
to neutralize highly reactive peroxynitrite.
Note that HGH from whey protein intake ups IGF-1,
also an anabolic stimulant associated with telomerase activation, although it subsequently lowers HGH,
which is transformed into IGF-1 in the liver.
Rejuvenation Rates with Astragalus Extracts and TA-65
In treatment with telomerase activators
[81s], skin constitution is restored to young skin
after about 20 population doublings are added.
(Fossel, p.156).
Note that TA Science's TA-65 (probably cycloastragenol)
can add 230 base pairs to blood granulocyte telomeres in vivo in just 3 months.
For typical cells on the average, 20 doubling x 50(bp/doubling) = 1000 base pairs,
so that a couple of years would be typically required,
since telomerase is turned on for just two 3-month periods in a year using the TA Sciences Patton Protocol.
That is, they get 460 bp/year, so that 1000/460 = 2.174 > 2 years should be required
to thoroughly rejuvenate typical cells with TA-65.
Furthermore, we loose about 50 bp per year to normal attrition as our cells divide year by year,
so over 2 years of treatment we need to tack on
100 bp just to keep up with aging.
Thus about 11000/460 = 2.3913 > 2 years is a rough guide to what to expect. A
fter 3 or 4 years of plenty of astragaloside application,
we should probably expect to have achieved serious rejuvenation effects.
Our charts seem to show that people in their 70s require 6 or 7 years of treatment to regain a 20s appearance.
Since 460 >> 50, we may seem to feel
the second hand of the clock running backwards with TA-65 at about 9 years per year,
or 0.75 years/month.
Initial measurements seem to show that good results can be achieved
with commercially available astragalus extracts in alcohol and glycerine.
A chart of the count of grey hairs on the head was used,
as the greying is regarded by Geron as a sign of stem cell dysfunction reversible
with telomerase activation, and may follow
the death rate curve
mirroring the general level of the senescent cell population.
On the average, 50% of persons have 50% grey hair by age 50
[Hisama, Chromosomal
Instability and Aging, p.565].
Make your life extension project record book more valuable:
"Indeed, the very hairs of your head are all numbered. Do not fear;
you are more valuable than many sparrows."
- Luke 12:7 & (Biblical Hair Remarks,
Hair in History,
Hair Loss in History).
You've got something even without that big government lab.
For more measurements you can do at home, or with a little help from your friends,
see Vincent Giampapa, Ronald Pero, Marcia Zimmerman,
The Anti-Aging Solution,
Wiley, 2004, and the blood tests and all
tests available from
The Life Extension Foundation,
and don't miss my own LifeXLabs test descriptions.
According to Geron, those grey hairs may not stay grey,
although Wikipedia contends that they are due to the death of cells,
which if this were true would mean grey hair is irreversible.
However, melanin pill results seem to contradict this picture of non-recoverable cells.
Since carnosine can change the cellular phenotype from senescent to normal,
perhaps carnosine should be used together with astragaloside treatments for lengthening telomeres.
Our objective is to rejuvenate senescent cells.
See [Papers/How Carnosine
Rejuvenates Cells,
Links;
Books/Carnosine,
Links,
Patents;
Wikipedia/beta alanine,
Links,
Books].
Note that supplementation with beta alanine improves the body's carnosine supply,
which is beta alanine-limited up to some maximum, beyond which carnosine must be supplemented.
Experimental Results
After the first 9 months of the 5 mg/day astragalosides program of cyclic telomerase activation
for 2 weeks followed by telomerase inhibitor application for two weeks,
I obtained meaningful results, measurable counts from locks of grey hair stored in envelopes,
and collagen and elastin levels seemed to be up under the chin in before and after movies of myself speaking.
At the time I was also taking quite a bit of cocoa powder for an antioxidant (perhaps 1000 mg/day),
extra virgin olive oil rubdowns, alpha lipoic acid 400 mg/day, vitamin C 2500 mg/day, an assortment of vitamins,
DMAE, and acetyl L-carnitine with alpha lipoic acid and arginine.
I was not using carnosine, which might have produced a similar result by itself
without being open-ended for telomere extension.
I had half-white locks of hair to compare to mostly black locks of hair after just 9 months.
I am presently quite optimistic about telomerase activation using ethanolic astragalus extracts.
I put two bottles of astragalus extract in glycerin on my scalp and skin during the first year of the experiment.
In the limit, I suspect most senescent cells may be eliminated by such a procedure in just a few years
to produce a young adult look in a 61 year old man.
My results should be compared to the 460 bp/year of telomere extension using TA-65 reported
by Greta Blackburn [81s/6d] at
TA Sciences in their astragalus-based work.
Perhaps blood granulocyte measurements would show similar results
regarding base pair growth in telomeric chromosome remodeling
when commercially available astragalus extracts are used for telomerase activation.
I do seem to see something similar.
After 17 months of cyclic telomerase activation, I believe I seem to be visibly younger,
perhaps 46 at 59.
After two more years it should be more obvious.
Jim Green starts at 57, in May, 2007, on the month of his 58th birthday on May 13, 2007.
Gradually, he gets younger.
See Mark Twain at 50,
George Washington at 57,
Albert Einstein at 57,
telomerase in medicine expert
Michael Fossel at 58,
telomerase pioneer Elizabeth Blackburn at 57,
telomerase activation expert
Calvin B. Harley at 55
[Calvin B. Harley Interview],
Anthony Loera
(RevGenetics Astragalosode IV vendor) in his late 30s,
writes that he seems to look like a young man in his 20s.
The Time Machine.
|
For Jim,
59 is apparently 50. (May 13, 2008: Yes, plausibly 50, all right. √ )
60 is apparently 41. (May 13, 2009: Surprising). (See theoretical monthly model with video).
61 is apparently 32. (May 13, 2010: Very surprising).
62 is apparently 23. (May 13, 2011: STOP) Amazing! Back to the Future!
(In reality, what has been observed using off-the-shelf astragalus extracts
is more like B = - 5.2 years/year rejuvenation, so Jim may seem to be 25 at 64.4.)
Caution: Telomerase inhibitors are used to stop some types of cancer, and
if you have cancer you may not be able to use telomerase activation therapy in many cases, as the converse, telomerase inhibition, may be prescribed to stop undesirable proliferation of cancer cells. However, some kinds of cancer use the ALT mechanism to support proliferation, and in certain cases telomerase activation is useful anyway. Furthermore, lengthening telomeres promotes genetic stability tending to prevent cancer.
I note that it may be useful to rub GAIA Astragalus Extract in glycerin on the gums to prevent senescence of gum tissue in the mouth.
Rejuvenation Times to Model Age 25 from Initial Age in Years with Cost in Dollars
| Initial Actual Chronological Age t0 | 100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 |
| Δt-8 Rejuvenation time, B = -8 yrs/yr | 9.375 | 8.125 | 6.875 | 5.685 | 4.375 | 3.125 | 1.875 | 0.625 |
| Δt-9 Rejuvenation time, B = -9 yrs/yr | 8.333 | 7.222 | 6.111 | 5.000 | 3.888 | 2.777 | 1.666 | 0.556 |
| Actual Age at Final Model Age 25, | < 109.4 | < 98.13 | < 86.88 | < 75.69 | < 64.38 | < 53.13 | < 41.88 | < 30.63 |
| t = t0 + Δt | > 108.3 | > 97.2 | > 86.11 | > 75.0 | > 63.89 | > 52.78 | > 41.67 | > 30.56 |
| Cost at $25.50 per month (dollars) | < 2869 | < 2487 | < 2104 | < 1740 | < 1339 | < 957 | < 574 | < 192 |
| = $25.50(12)Δt | > 2550 | > 2210 | > 1870 | > 1530 | > 1190 | > 849 | > 509 | > 170 |
 
Left: Jeanne Calment, age 25. Right: Jeanne Calment, age 60.
Also see Einstein Greying and Astragalus Extract Program at 2-Year Point.
Rejuvenation Times from 60 to Final Model Ages tFM in Years with Cost in Dollars
| Final Model Age tFM | 55 | 50 | 45 | 40 | 35 | 30 | 25 | 20 |
| Δt-8 Rejuvenation time, B = -8 yrs/yr | 0.625 | 1.25 | 1.875 | 2.5 | 3.125 | 3.75 | 4.375 | 5 |
| Δt-9 Rejuvenation time, B = -9 yrs/yr | 0.556 | 1.111 | 1.667 | 2.222 | 2.778 | 3.333 | 3.889 | 4.444 |
| Actual Age at Final Model Age tFM, | < 60.63 | < 61.26 | < 61.88 | < 62.51 | < 63.13 | < 63.76 | < 64.38 | < 65.1 |
| t = t0 + Δt | > 60.55 | > 61.11 | > 61.66 | > 62.22 | > 62.77 | > 63.33 | > 63.88 | > 64.4 |
| Cost at $25.50 per month (dollars) | < 191.25 | < 382.5 | < 573.8 | < 765.1 | < 956.3 | < 1148 | < 1339 | < 1531 |
| = $25.50(12)Δt | > 170.12 | > 339.97 | > 510.1 | > 679.9 | > 850.07 | > 1019 | > 1190 | > 1359 |
The tables for the rejuvenation times and costs above may be deduced by linear analysis.
Let the final model age tFM be given by tFM = t0 + BΔt, where
t0 is the Initial Actual Chronological Age, and B is the aging rate. Let
B = -8 or -9 years per year aging rate for rejuvenation, so that
tFM = the model age at the end of rejuvenation. In one table above we choose tFM = 25.
Solving for the rejuvenation time Δt, we find Δt = (tFM - t0)/B years.
Then the Actual Age at Final Model Age tFM is t = t0 + Δt,
and we have Cost = $25.50(12)(Δt).
Note that B=1 corresponds to normal aging, B > 1 represents accelerated aging,
0 < B < 1 represents decelerated aging, and B < 0 corresponds to rejuvenation.
Music:
Suzanne: feeds you tea and astragalus that comes all the way from China. Let It Be by the Beatles, You're Sixteen by Ringo Starr.
See also 2b: Notes and Correspondence on Rejuvenation with Astragalus Extract.
|| Calvin B. Harley sez:
Deaging Plot Corresponding to the Above Table
Based on TA Sciences 8 years per year to 9 years per year
rejuvenation rate results
obtained for TA-65 at 5 mg/day using the Patton Protocol. B = - 5.2 years per year was initially estimated
for astragalus extract, and B = - 5.18684 shows that this was close enough for the data quality available.
All model ages in the above drawing correspond to May Day,
as treatment started on May 1, 2007, whereas my birthday is on May 13, 1949.
After 2.5 years at about 60.5 when bone dry I seemed to be 45 to myself, whereas with oiled hair
I seemed to restaurant help to be 40 at 60. This led to the B = - 5.2 years per year estimate
for the astragalus extract rejuvenation rate.
Deaging Plot Corresponding to Astragalus Extract Observations after about 2.5 years.
(From 58 to Model Age 45 at 60.5 in 2.5 years, projected to Model Age 25 at 64 in 6.33 years.)
The observed rejuvenation rate is computed at B = -5.18684 years per year, approximately B = -5.2,
corresponding to the top line on the chart.
At the present time, I may seem to be 45, so that at the B = -5.18684 rate I would achieve a 25 year old appearance
at about 64.33 years of age in 2013. The dotted lines are for TA-65 at -8 and -9 years per year.
Basic cost is about $55/month, including Chitosan, or $660/year, yielding $4,188 for 6.34 years to 25 at 64.
Extra money might be spent on CoQ10, alpha lipoic acid with acetyl L-carnitine, magnesium, zinc,
vitamin D, multiple vitamins, resveratrol for the off part of the cycle, and other refinements.
Anti-Aging Flight Plan (reminiscent of My World Line by George Gamow).
Here Model_Age = Bt + Starting_Age, B=1 for normal aging, B > 1 for accelerated aging,
B=0 for no aging, and B < 0 for rejuvenation, or negative aging. Here initially B= 1 for
normal aging, then
B= - 5.2 years/year during the deaging phase, followed by B=0 zero aging
until Madame Jean Louise Calment's 122 years, 164 days record is exceeded at 2071.9634 AD,
which should be right at the Winter Solstice when shadows are shortest about Dec 22, 2071.
About this time the S.Monocerotis skywalker
above the Cone Nebula crosses the meridian.
Note the "Cross of Years" formed by the 110 and 122.45 barriers. There are thousands
of Americans over 100, of whom hardly any will get though the 110 year barrier without medicine. See
the associated response of the cloud cover to the inclusion of these charts including the sign of the
cross in Visionary Sky 46.5. Note that the
B = 0 line in the flight plan can be implemented by using astragalus extract one month out of six,
which would lead to a barely discernable jaggle on the B=0 line between 25 and 25 + 5/12 = 25.42 with a five-month
rise time and a one-month fall time, since (1/12)(-5.2) = -0.43.
Phase I: For 0 < t < 57.967123 = t0, B = 1, Model Age = Bt.
Phase II: For 57.967123 < t < 64.3, B = - 5.2 years/yr, Model_Age = B(delta_t) + t0 = (B/12)N + 57.967123,
N = 1, 2, 3,...,76 months, using off-the-shelf astragalus extracts.
Phase III: For 64.3 < t < infinity, B = 0, Model Age = 25.
Estimated Rejuvenation Times = T to Target Model Age t1
from Starting Age t0 for B= -5.2 years/year
with Chronological Age After Treatment = t0 + T.
Treatment Time T(t0, t1) = (t0 - t1)/5.2 years, T(ray, target) = Treatment Time
Chronological Age after Treatment = t0 + T = t0 + [(t0 - t1)/5.2] years. = Final Age
Treatment Time (yr), Age after Treatment | Treatment Time (yr), Age after Treatment (yr)
Start Target Duration Target Final Age | Start Target Duration Target Final Age
t0 t1 T t1 t0 + T | t0 t1 T t1 t0 + T
T(110, 25) = 16.346, Age(25) = 126.346; T(105, 25) = 15.385, Age(25) = 120.385,
T(100, 25) = 14.423, Age(25) = 114.423; T(95, 25) = 13.462, Age(25) = 108.462,
T(90, 25) = 12.500, Age(25) = 102.500; T(85, 25) = 11.538, Age(25) = 96.538,
T(80, 25) = 10.577, Age(25) = 90.577; T(75, 25) = 9.615, Age(25) = 84.615,
T(70, 25) = 8.654, Age(25) = 78.654; T(65, 25) = 7.692, Age(25) = 72.692,
T(60, 25) = 6.731, Age(25) = 66.731; T(55, 25) = 5.769, Age(25) = 60.769,
T(50, 25) = 4.808, Age(25) = 54.808; T(45, 25) = 3.846, Age(25) = 48.846,
T(40, 25) = 2.885, Age(25) = 42.885; T(35, 25) = 1.923, Age(25) = 36.923,
T(110, 35) = 14.423, Age(35) = 124.423; T(105, 35) = 13.462, Age(35) = 118.462,
T(100, 35) = 12.500, Age(35) = 112.500; T(95, 35) = 11.538, Age(35) = 106.538,
T(90, 35) = 10.577, Age(35) = 100.577; T(85, 35) = 9.615, Age(35) = 94.615,
T(80, 35) = 8.654, Age(35) = 88.654; T(75, 35) = 7.692, Age(35) = 82.692,
T(70, 35) = 6.731, Age(35) = 76.731; T(65, 35) = 5.769, Age(35) = 70.769,
T(60, 35) = 4.808, Age(35) = 64.808; T(55, 35) = 3.805, Age(35) = 58.805,
T(50, 35) = 2.885, Age(35) = 52.885; T(45, 35) = 1.923, Age(35) = 46.923,
T(40, 35) = 0.962, Age(35) = 40.962.
DNA Repair Acceleration (Dr. Ron Pero) (10)
Cat's Claw Extract, 350 mg/day.
[Links,
C-MED-100,
Activar AC-11,
LifeExtension/Cats Claw Extract]
NAD [6s]
Nicotinamide Nicotinamide
extends replicative lifespan of human cells, Kang, Lee & Hwang, Ageing Cell.
Reversal of Mitochondrial Decline
[Books,
Links,
LifeExtension]
Alpha Lipoic Acid or R-Dihydro-Lipoic Acid, 100 mg/day - 1200 mg/day
[Links,
Papers].
Acetyl L-Carnitine. 500 mg/day.
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Papers]
Gamma tocopherol, 200 mg/day.
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Papers]
Ubiquinol CoQ10, 50 mg/day - 100 mg/day
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Papers,
Wikipedia]
Curcumin (turmeric), to chelate iron in Fenton reactions, 400 mg/day.
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books,
Papers]
See Mitochondrial Energy Optimizer, LifeExtension.
Membrane Rejuvenation and Lipofuscin/Ceroid Removal (Zs.Nagy, Life Extension)
(4), (13), [4s].
DMAE, 100 mg/day to 300 mg/day.
(4)
[Links,
Books]
Centrophenoxine [60]
(alternative) 500 mg/day to 1500 mg/day
[IAAS/centrophenoxine,
Books,
Links].
CoQ10, preferably ubiquinol CoQ10 (super bioavailable CoQ10), 50mg/day ubiquinol.
[Links,
LifeExtension/ubiquinol].
Phosphatidylcholine
[LifeExtension,
Books,
Links,
Wikipedia]
- Major constituent of cell membranes. From soy.
Krill Oil
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books]
- Like fish oil, but includes choline and phospholipids, good for cell membranes.
Piracetam
[Books,
Links,
LifeExtension]
- Improves vigilance and concentration, removes lipofuscin, excellent with extra choline for final exam preparation.
Alternatively,
____Anacervix [Links] - Piracetam with a vasodilator.
____Aniracetam [Links] - Similar to Piracetam.
Exercise - (9), [5s],
Books :
Exercise and Longevity,
Bodybuilding & Longevity,
Hormesis & Longevity
Bodybuilding exercises with barbells, dumbells, and exercise machines with variable resistance
for progressive resistance exercise is recommended.
Typically, one covers the entire body in a split routine over the course of 3 or 4 days.
Pump up with about 8 reps per set, 3-5 sets or more per muscle group.
This prevents osteoporosis in old people, and tends to protect old people against falls.
Ingesting arginine prior to a workout from pills, bodybuilder protein powder, tuna,
or spanish peanuts allows the body to produce nitric oxide (NO) via nitric oxide synthase,
which activates telomerase in endothelial cells, postponing endothelial senescence
by lengthening endothelial cell telomeres
[Vasa, et al, 2000;
Hayashi, et al, 2006].
Diet - (3), [25],
[55], [41s],
Books/Diet & Life Extension,
Books/Caloric Restriction & Longevity,
Anti-Cancer Diet.
A bodybuilding supplement plus anticancer diet
[49] [32] avoiding causes of cancer
[71] with caloric restriction (3)
for longevity is recommended.
[LifeExtension/Diet]
Whey protein [LifeExtension,
Books],
an HGH booster - from blueberry yogurt, cottage cheese, or purified whey supplements.
Using a supplement with plenty of arginine will allow the body to produce nitric oxide during a workout,
lengthening vascular endothelial cell telomeres as described above
[Vasa, et al, 2000;
Hayashi, et al, 2006].
Creatine monohydrate - for improved muscle contractions in bodybuilding workouts.
Egg protein - from hardboiled eggs, or from blended egg whites.
Fish is preferred over meat to improve fish oil levels, avoid saturated fats, and to avoid excessive copper and iron.
Broccoli and broccoli sprouts are recommended for anticancer sulphoraphane and indole-3 carbinol.
Cooked tomato sauce is recommended for bioavailable anticancer antioxidant lycopene.
Olive Oil [76] + water and spices salad dressings
for a good balance of HDL and LDL cholesterol are preferred over omega-6 intensive salad oils.
Apples are recommended for quercetin [113], preferably at least 1/day.
Red grapes are recommended for resveratrol
[100] (0) and quercetin
[113].
Blueberries - Anthocyanadins in blueberries
for elderly balance, dopamine levels.
[LifeExtension,
Links,
Books]
Celery and grapefruit are recommended for a high-fiber approach to diet.
Sugars and starches are to be reduced to prevent formation of advanced glycation end-products
with carbonylation of proteins. (5),
[47].
Our diet should be low cholesterol, with the objective of lowering LDL low-density lipoprotein
relative to HDL high density lipoprotein. [62].
Priorities
Today I guess that astragalosides from astragalus extract for cyclic activation of
telomerase and chromosomal telomere reconstruction is the number 1 thing on my anti-aging list,
received like a fabled elixer of youth absolutely required to stop and reverse replicative cellular senescence,
really a reprieve of nature's death sentence.
After 6 months, I imagine that I see grey hairs going away and skin becoming more elastic,
which makes me feel optimistic like Dr. Jekyll armed with
Love Potion #9.
Small molecule telomerase activators oppose aging with a medicinal punch that has cellular memory.
However, we also need to take care of those non-mitoic muscle and nerve cells,
so that vitamin C, gamma tocopherol, alpha lipoic acid, acetyl L-carnitine, and ubiquinol coQ10
are also high on the list, as is DMAE and cortisol-lowering DHEA.
Resveratrol looks good for the half of the month when astragalosides are not taken,
as does garlic.
I try to emphasize whey protein to improve HGH levels, and to get plenty of blueberries
and even some expensive pomegranate juice, and the powerful antioxidants that have been improving our longevity
"since 1956", when Denham Harman got the ball rolling on the eve of Sputnik.
Improved DNA repair is associated with lifespan improvement in many species,
so I also get cat's claw extract when I can.
Furthermore, I want my carnosine, which can restore the youthful phenotype to senescent cells.
[63s] Ashwagandha
(Withania somnifera,
or Physalis flexuosa).
(See Ashwagandha
by Dale Kiefer from Life Extension magazine, June 2006.)
Ashwagandha is a stress reliever that reduces cortisol levels
up to 26%, lowers blood sugar, and improves lipid profiles.
It also improves one's sense of well-being.
Ashwagandha exhibits an anti-oxidant boosting effect, increasing levels of superoxide dismutase
[52, 48s,
49s], catalase and glutathione peroxidase.
Furthermore, it regenerates axons and dendrites and supports
the reconstruction of synapses, and is used to physically re-grow the brain.
In particular, it reverses parameters associated with Parkinsonian neurodegeneration.
It seems to work by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which breaks down acetylcholine.
Other drugs such as AriceptTM work in this way to combat Alzheimer's disease.
In addition, ashwagandha inhibits many kinds of cancer, disrupting
cancer cell ability to reproduce, and exhibiting antiangiogenic effects that prevent
cancers from forming new blood vessels.
Types of cancer combated by ashwaghandha
include breast, lung, colon, stomach, skin, and lymphatic system cancers.
It extends the life span of cancer-infected lab animals,
and has also been shown to be anti-microbial for Salmonella.
See Life Extension magazine's
Optimized Ashwagandha Extract.
Also see Ray Sahelian's article on Ashwagandha Root,
Google Links/Ashwaghandha,
Google Books/Ashwagandha,
and Yahoo links on
ashwagandha.
Alternate Sources:
eVitamin Ashwagandha,
Herbal Love
Shop's line of alternate ashwagandha brands,
Physician Formulae's
lineup of ashwagandha vendors,
Nutrition Geek's ashwagandha, and don't miss
Herbalcom's Bulk Herbs
section on Ashwagandha ($6.95 per pound in June 2006).
[64s] Wheat sprouts and
wheat grass
are sources of bio-available SOD
[52, 48s, 49s],
in addition to thiamine,
B-vitamins, vitamin C, and other factors.
"Some plants produce SOD naturally. However, when SOD is ingested in the body, it is quickly destroyed by stomach acids
and intestinal enzymes, and virtually no SOD enters the bloodstream.
Fortunately, it is possible to boost levels of this important antioxidant by consuming supplements
that supply concentrated amounts of appropriate precursor molecules.
Wheat sprouts represent one rich source of these SOD-boosting building blocks,
and have been shown to significantly increase internal antioxidant levels."
- Superoxide Dismutase:
Boosting the Body’s Primary Antioxidant Defense, Life Extension magazine, June 2006.
See Super Sprouts brand
wheat sprouts,
\Sprout Bread links,
other wheat sprout sources such as Natural Sprout Company
and souped-up wheat sprouts from
Web Vitamins,
and note that Life Extension's SODzyme™
is an extract derived from the sprouts of corn, soy, and wheat.
Wheat sprouts should grow to
1/2 to 1 cm long before they are eaten,
and may be ground and baked into sprout bread.
(Sprout bread may be obtained in Wichita at
Barney's Deep Discount Drugs
at 3108 West Central.)
The best wheat grain to start with is probably spelt, or "Dinkle wheat".
See Health Recipes on Sprouts,
Sproutpeople,
Sprouting for Health, and
Life Extension on
Bio-Available SOD.
See Yahoo Links/wheat sprouts.
Note that Ashwagandha [63s] also increases SOD levels.
According to local health food store personnel selling grain and seed, wheat sprouts are prepared
by soaking the wheat grain in water overnight before draining off the water.
Thereafter, the grain spends just 1 hour soaking per day, or
is merely rinsed and drained.
After a week, the grain is usually sprouted enough to eat.
Some varieties of grain require up to two weeks to complete the sprouting process.
See Google Links/preparing wheat sprouts
(soak 5 hours, rinse and drain twice a day),
preparing soy sprouts
(soak 15 hours, rinse and drain twice a day), and
preparing corn sprouts
(soak 8 to 12 hours, rinse and drain every 8-12 hours).
See Sproutpeople on Grain Sprouts,
and Sproutpeople on Corn Sprouts.
Wheat grain was just 50 cents per pound at my health food store!
Hard winter wheat and yellow popcorn are both said to sprout nicely.
See Google Links/melons and SOD,
including links to the cantaloupe-derived
GliSODinTM
from Life Extension magazine.
For a method of growing wheat sprouts in the dark with several rinsings per day,
see Growing Wheat in Kansas History.
For a method of growing wheat sprouts as potted plants, see
Garden Guides: Wheat Grass,
and also see Walton Feed on Sprouts and
Health Nut Alternative's Vertical Sprouters.
Sprouts Experiments
After some experiments, my hard red wheat sprouted a little bit,
but fermented into something with the smell of alcohol about it, although it was rinsed daily.
I am now waiting for the spelt, or "Dinkle wheat" sprout experiment to germinate,
but after several days it smells like beer.
About 50% of the yellow popcorn yielded sprouts.
The yellow popcorn sprouts grew to about an inch in length after a week,
and I broke them off the kernels and used them to garnish a salad, with good results.
My initial attempt to obtain soy sprouts failed:
instead of sprouts I got a dead, rotten mess.
Subsequent experiments show that it is required to do all rinsing with cold water about the temperature of rain water,
never with hot water, or the sprouting fails, even for yellow popcorn sprouts.
Sprouted Bread Vendors (available at Green Acres)
Alvarado Street Bakery - Sprouted Wheat Bagels, ect.
French Meadow - Sprouted Wheat Raisin & Cinnamon Bagels
Nature's Path - Manna Bread (Sprouted for Life).
Food for Life - Ezekiel 4:9 Sprouted Grain Bread
Both broccoli sprouts and alfalfa sprouts are readily available at Dillons grocery.
Broccoli Sprouts [LifeExtension, Links, Books, Papers, Wikipedia/Broccoli] They taste like radishes, and boost of endogenous anti-oxidants like gluthione S-transferase, produced from the anti-cancer chemical sulphoraphane [Wikipedia, Books, Links, LifeExtension].
Broccoli sprouts also protect against oxidative stress and contain "large amounts af the glucosinolate glucoraphanin which in vitro and in animal models has been shown to have a positive effect on the endothelium as measured by NO release." Sulforaphane "induces enzymes, including quinone reductase and the antioxidant glutathione S-transferase, that can detoxify carcinogens and prevent toxic electrophiles from damaging DNA." Broccoli sprouts are sometimes said to boost SOD levels, though this is less well documented than antioxidant effect via sulphoraphane's production of glutathione S-transferase.
Alfalfa Sprouts [Links, LifeExtension]. Possibly rich in endogenous antioxidants to protect young sprouts from environmental insults, although they are promoted rather for their vitamins and amino acids.
[65s] Another SOD-booster is
Huperzine-A,
which is derived from Chinese club moss, "Huperzia serrata".
Huperzine A is a nootropic agent developed by the
Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Huperzine A also slows the breakdown of acetylcholine by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase,
rather like ashwagandha [63s].
However, its long-term medical
safety has not been determined, according to PDRhealth.
See Google links on Huperzine A:
Ray Sahelian on Huperzine,
Swanson Vitamins Huperzine A $5.99 for 60 caps,
Nature's Plus Huperzine Rx-Brain, $8.72 for 30 tabs.,
Doctors Trust Vitamins: Huperzine A with Ginko, just $3.99 for 60 capsules. Life Enhancement:
Huperzine A, $5.09 for 120 caps.
See Amazon.com for brands of
Huperzine A.
[66s] Wheat grass
is available in an especially high-SOD form from
BioMed Foods of California as Natural Dismutase Compound.
See Wheat Grass composition as
Alternative Healthzine's Herb of the Month.
See Google Links/wheatgrass,
Wheatgrass Kits,
Nutrition Geeks
Wheat Grass,
Wheat Grass treatment for cancer.
Cancer cells are usually deficient in, or completely missing SOD.
See "The Benefits of Wheat Grass".
[67s] See Links/C-reactive protein and aging.
A marker of inflammation level.
|
As a predictor for age-related macular degeneration, [101].
Research shows that
Caloric restriction and exercise lower C-reactive protein levels.
It has also been found that overweight and
obese humans have elevated C-reactive protein levels.
See the paper C-reactive Protein as a Biomarker for Aging.
[68s] NFκB
- Inflammation marker. Links/NFkB and longevity.
See Life Extension magazine,
"What is Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta?"
Chronic inflammation caused by over-expression of NFκB in aging people causes diseases such as cancer,
atherosclerosis, arthritis, and dementia.
However, it also plays a role in healthy immune system responses.
NFκB is inhibited by ibuprofin, N-acetylcysteine, lipoic acid, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids EPA & DHA,
soy isoflavones, curcumin, licorice root extracts, capsaicin, oil of cloves,
ginger extracts, ursolic acid from basil and rosemary extracts, garlic, pomegranate fruit extract,
SAMe, and resveratrol.
Perhaps N-acetylcysteine and curcumin in turmeric root are the best choices
(add black pepper to improve curcumin bioavailability from turmeric),
but it should be inexpensive to add lipoic acid, EPA, DHA, soy isoflavones, and garlic.
Adding resveratrol, the bioavailibity of which improves with ingestion of quercetin from apples or tea,
will also help with gene silencing and prevention of eccDNA formation.
"Vitamins E and C have been shown to reduce inflammatory cytokine production that is a consequence of NFkB activation."
"Elevated free radical production [associated with aging] activates nuclear factor-kB (NFkB), a genetic regulator that acts within the cell nucleus. NFkB activation intensifies inflammatory responses, resulting in an even greater production of free radicals and eventually to beta cell death. N-acetyl cysteine is a precursor to glutathione (GSH), a cysteine-containing tripeptide and antioxidant that modulates cellular metabolism and gene expression. GSH is thought to prevent oxidation-induced beta-cell damage by inhibiting NFkB activation." - from Blood Sugar and Insulin Levels: Key Factors in Longevity by Kimberly Pryor.
[69s] Methylation, Methionine, Homocysteine levels, and Aging
(see Fantastic Voyage Chapter 13
by Ray Kurzweil and Terry Grossman).
The methylation process deteriorates with aging, and between 10% and 44% of the population
suffers from abnormal methylation
because of genetic polymorphisms
characteristic of different racial and ethnic groups.
This can modify DNA synthesis, neural tube development in embryos, activation and inactivation
of genes, gene silencing, and detoxification, possibly leading to cervical cancer, colon cancer,
coronary heart disease, strokes, Alzheimers, ect.
It is tested for by measuring the blood level of
the toxic metabolite homocysteine,
which forms from consuming the amino acid methionine normally found in red meat or poultry,
and which is detoxified by methylation.
Methylation is the addition of the CH 3-group to a molecule.
If the body has a genetic defect in managing methylation,
homocysteine builds up to toxic levels
greater than the ideal < 7.5 μmol/L, so one treats the problem with nutritional supplementation
and tests the homocysteine level
at regular intervals.
(I note that reducing methionine to 1/5 the usual dose in mice
markedly increases their life span by > 30%
[ FASEB Journal Vol 8, 1302-1307, 1994],
and that red meat containing methionine boosts
colon cancer by a factor of 3 over white meat.
However, the 20%-of-normal-methionine mice are stunted specimens, and methionine is required for methylation:
without it, no methylation takes place.
[Thanks to Ben Best for writing in with this observation.])
Methylation also plays an important role in the
detoxification of heavy metals
such as mercury, lead, antimony, and arsenic, so that as methylation deteriorates with age,
we become more susceptible to heavy metal poisoning from the mercury in Albacore tuna, for instance.
Methylation is also crucial in the
detoxification of pesticides
and estrogen,
which has been linked to several types of cancer.
In the brain, decreased methylation results in a decrease in
the synthesis of acetylcholine,
which requires methylation.
The lower acetylcholine levels result in memory loss and Alzheimer's disease,
but can be treated with acetylcholine-boosting supplements such as
Ashwagandha and
Huperzine-A.
Methylation is also required in the synthesis of melatonin and serotonin,
the calming neurotransmitters derived from the amino acid tryptophan,
and also for the synthesis of the stimulating neurotransmitters adrenaline, noradreneline,
and dopamine prepared from the amino acids phenylanaline and tyrosine.
So defective methylation can modify excitement or calmness in aging patients, producing mood disorders
such as depression and paranoia in addition to increased risk for Alzheimer's disease.
Elevated homocysteine levels are found in a high percentage of psychiatric patients,
and in Alzheimers victims.
In cardiovascular disease, heart attack, and stroke,
elevation of homocysteine levels
can be toxic to the lining of the arteries, damaging and cracking the inner walls,
which are then filled with LDL cholesterol particles, giving rise to atherosclerosis.
Homocysteine increases inflammation levels and boosts
plaque formation,
increasing the chance that the plaque will rupture, causing a heart attack or stroke.
Tested
homocysteine levels are lowered by supplementation with vitamins
B6 (contained in beer),
B12
(less well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract in aging specimens), and
folic acid,
and by reducing consumption of red meat and poultry,
which contain the methionine fueling toxic homocysteine synthesis.
One substitutes fish, vegetables, and fruits for methionine-bearing red meat and poultry.
Vitamin B 12 may be injected.
Low B 12 levels are the primary reason
homocysteine levels rise with age.
Furthermore, much-higher-than-RDA-dose levels of homocysteine-lowering nutrients
such as vitamin B 12, vitamin B 6,
vitamin B2,
folic acid, zinc, magnesium, and
trimethylglycine (TMG or betaine)
are typically needed.
Very soon after recommending fish instead of meat here to avoid methionine and consequent high homocysteine levels,
I received a phone call offering life insurance delivered in a thick oriental or Japanese accent.
Now we recommend a combination of Japanese and Mediterranean diets taken in Zen master style with green tea.
See Google:
Links/Methylation and Aging,
Links/Homocysteine levels and Aging,
Links/Methionine and Aging.
Google Books:, Books/Methylation and Aging,
Books/Methionine and Aging,
Books/Homocysteine and Aging.
Life Extension Search:
Methylation and Aging,
Methionine and Aging,
Homocysteine and Aging.
[70s] Chronic Inflammation and Aging
(See Ray Kurzweil and Terry Grossman, Fantastic Voyage,
Chapter 12 and spots in subsequent chapters).
"Chronic low-grade inflammation [due to high sugar and insulin levels]...is eroding your health...
Taking steps to control silent inflammation gives you a powerful tool to combat several major degenerative diseases,
including cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and cancer."
Heart Disease:
Low-fat, low-cholesterol diet is important for protection against heart disease,
but in addition, our diet must decrease inflammation, too.
Alzheimer's:
"In the brain, silent inflammation increases the production of soluble amyloid protein
and increases its conversion into insoluble amyloid fibrils...actually toxic waste products
that interfere with normal brain functioning and kill brain cells.
If the brain cells do not remove these
amyloid fibrils immediately,
the dead and dying cells stick together to form pleated sheets of crystalline debris
called plaque."
The amyloid material interferes with brain blood supply, worsening the problem.
Furthermore, the amyloid fibril is identical to one of the amino acid chains that make up
immunoglobulins,
so that the inflammation
started by the amyloid fibrils over-stimulates the immune system,
leading to further inflammation.
Normal cellular metabolism
is disturbed in a way that causes still more inflammation,
with free radicals
that destroy neurons, leading to
dementia in certain predisposed genotypes, for instance those that carry
the ApoE4 allele.
In this case, the
herpes virus
may function as a trigger.
Diabetes:
In type 2 diabetes,
amyloid forms in the pancreas, leading to a similar cascade of events.
(See also type 1 diabetes.)
Avoiding high-glycemic load foods and sugar can substantially reduce chronic inflammation.
Cancer:
Colon and lung cancer are promoted by silent inflammation, which may be
reduced by NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as asprin and ibuprofen
which block cyclooxygenase enzymes
that turn arachidonic acid
into other inflammatory compounds), deflecting the cancer.
Furthermore, the metabolism of cancer cells
feeds intensively on sugar
in a way that is different from normal cells.
Pro-inflammatory prostaglandins
may be produced from Omega-6 fatty acids such as linoleic acid,
or from foods containing arachidonic acid. So Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA in fish
[naturally occurring COX-2 inhibitors], which decrease inflammation, should be substituted for omega-6 fatty acids
if possible, and arachidonic acid from red meat, eggs, and shellfish should be kept at a moderate or low level.
If one consumes sugar or high-glycemic index foods, it turns out, the
resulting high insulin level stimulates production of pro-inflammatory arachidonic acid,
and exacerbates the chronic inflammation. Substituting green tea for coffee also reduces inflammation.
Excess fat tissue increases inflammation, so loose weight!
Exercise reduces chronic inflammation at 30 minutes a day or more.
Finally, prolonged stress leads to higher levels of pro-inflammatory IL-6 (interleukin-6),
leading to "cardiovascular disease, arthritis, type 2 diabetes, certain cancers, and accelerated aging,"
so avoid prolonged stress.
Curcumin in the spice turmeric is very
anti-inflammatory,
and so are compounds found in green tea and herbal extracts "such as boswelia (frankincense), licorice,
rosemary, and ginger", and to a lesser degree in subtances in onions and garlic.
The level of chronic inflammation may be measured by examining CRP or C-reactive protein,
which made by the liver in response to inflammation,
using an inexpensive blood test.
Measuring fatty acid profiles is also helpful in managing chronic inflammation.
See also [68s] for NFκB and its role in inflammation, and
[67s] for C-reactive protein
as a marker of inflammation.
See Google:
Links/Chronic Inflammation and Aging,
Links/Silent Inflammation & Aging,
Anti-Inflammatory Drugs & Foods, C-reactive protein, Alzheimer's and Inflammation,
Links/Diabetes and Inflammation,
Links/Heart Disease and Inflammation.
Google Books:
Chronic Inflammation and Aging,
Silent Inflammation and Aging,
C-reactive protein, Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Foods, Alzheimer's and Inflammation,
Diabetes and Inflammation,
Heart Disease &.
Life Extension
Search:
Chronic Inflammation
and Aging,
Silent Inflammation
and Aging,
Anti-Inflammatory
Drugs and Foods,
C-reactive protein,
Alzheimer's and Inflammation,
Diabetes and Inflammation,
Heart Disease
and Inflammation.
[71s] Nuclear Transfer from Telomere-Extended Cells in Culture
In the past, cloning experiments with animals
such as Dolly, the first sheep
prepared by cloning via nuclear transfer,
had some limitations.
For instance, the clone was prepared without re-extending the telomeres of the cellular
DNA that the clone was prepared from, so that the clone generally does not live as long.
Cloned animals got sick and died sooner, possibly because they ran out
of DNA telomere length with each cell division, a life span limiting feature that applies in many mammals,
though not in the mouse, which has super-long telomeres but is more vulnerable to cancer.
To avoid these problems, cells from the subject may first be cultured, then telemore-extended
with telomerase or via one of the other techniques that has been recently developed for this application.
Then clones with normal life spans and youthful DNA may be prepared from older specimens
more successfully than in the past.
However, to my knowledge, this little trick has yet to be applied to experimental cloning of animals.
Specialized tissues prepared from embryonic stem cells using this refinement of therapeutic cloning technique
may have ideal properties for application to life extension.
For example, totipotent cells from the blastula-phase embryo may be used to prepare
relatively youthful bone marrow cells to be implanted in the body and function
to release fresh adult stem cells into the blood that refresh the vascular endothelium of the circulatory system.
I suppose people that can face a morning-after pill like Ru486 can face this sort
of micro-disruption in externally prepared micro-embryonic progress with good cheer.
After all, it is tissue prepared so that the race may go on in good health, as usual.
Perhaps our constitution, which guarantees religious freedom,
could be invoked to defend our right to prepare new tissue from our own DNA and cellular material
in the spirit of folk working to promote the common defense.
Also, this cellular material will not be sired with passion in the
womb of a girlfriend of ours, but in the laboratory without orgasm ever occurring.
You just implant the cellular nucleus from your skin cells re-grown in culture
and prepared as telomere-extended cells with a needle into a substantial menagerie of host eggs
(perhaps as many as 300 or more until the technique is perfected) donated or purchased from the
egg-producing side of the house or harvested from apes, prior to stimulating them with electricity
or chemicals in the presence of the right materials.
Then any resulting successful blastula-phase embryo is taken apart before a beating heart or nervous system appears.
Then the life-saving, life-extending tissues that will effectively continue the race
will be prepared without the death of the mind.
Considering what is at stake for your health, to me it seems to be good business that the saints might be proud of.
I see no need to evolve humans beyond their present stage of evolution:
they may as well live and cultivate their literature, technology, and culture.
The End of Evolution may as well be at hand.
Furthermore, then girls always have eggs of value to sell besides their sexual services,
an insight likely to appeal to women voters.
Perhaps the breakeven expense with DNA-drained chimpanzee or mouse eggs serving as transgenic animal hosts
would be a factor in deciding the value of human eggs, which, after all, may not be used.
Perhaps life extension will be obtained by plundering the eggs of lesser beasts that will function
to obtain blastula-phase embryos never intended to reach full term.
Human may be best, though, because we want to obtain cells with the appropriate mitochondrial characteristics
that live for quite some time. Eventually, cellular design engineering is apt to provide a suitable answer.
[72s] Alkalinizing Drinks
include water alkalinized by machines,
alkalinizing beverages such as coconut water,
and alkalinizing teas.
See Google Links on alkalinizing water
with machines, alkalinizing beverages,
and alkalinizing teas.
One may also consider alkalinizing foods,
such as beets.
The body maintains the pH of blood between 7.35 and 7.45 via alkaline blood buffers,
the supply of which may be strained by drinking acidic beverages such as colas and orange juice.
See Chapter 4 on Food and Water in Fantastic Voyage
by Ray Kurzweil and Terry Grossman, M.D. on this topic,
and see Google Books on
alkalinizing beverages,
antioxidants, and
antioxidants and alkalinity.
It is theorized or known that
alkalinizing
food and beverages have antioxidant effect.
Some foods can cause a condition tagged as
"acidosis" that drives the body toward osteoporosis.
"On a balanced whole foods diet which includes many fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds,
the body is provided with the anionic mineral salts it needs for buffering excess acids....
An imbalanced diet high in animal protein, sugar, caffeine and processed foods, however,
can force us into mild acidosis."
[73s] Fantastic Voyage
Select juicy tidbits & clues. Obtain Fantastic Voyage for your library.
Chap. 17) Dr. Terry Grossman's program.
Terry did a "full panel genomics"
test on himself to identify his genetic quirks.
He cryopreserved his tissue enough to clone
material for heart cells in case of heart disease.
See Links/Cryopreservation of DNA,
cryopreservation of DNA
for tissue cloning.
He considers heart transplants
from transgenic animals and bionic hearts.
He practices "Caloric
Restriction Without the RestrictionTM", eating a Ray & Terry
modified Japanese diet,
and hopes to get his bodyweight < 14%
of his total weight, points out that
10% fat might be optimum.
See body fat testing links.
Claims to drink 10 glasses of alkalinized water per day [72s],
garnished with many cups of green tea and vegetable juice.
See Dr. Terry Grossman's Frontier Medical Center
Newsletter, which promotes a Mediterranean diet including olive oil to raise HDL, lower LDL,
and scavange out LDL deposits from arteries before artheroscelosis strikes.
Dr. Grossman tests his C-reactive protein levels
(hs-CRP or hsCRP) to screen for silent inflammation [70s],
and keeps it low at 1.1 mg/L by taking 2 tsp (10 gr) of fish oil and 2 caps of curcumin every day.
Tests his homocysteine level
to check up on methylation [69s], typically lowered with folic acid, B6, and B12, or
by taking betaine [ trimethylglycine],
and trys to keep his < 7.5 μmol/L, usually attaining 7.0 μmol/L.
Detoxified himself by
removing all mercury-containing
fillings from his teeth!
( Only plutonium is more poisonous among the metals.)
Consumes only grown-without-pesticides
"organic" foods. Takes an intravenous detoxification formula
including amino acids, vitamins, and minerals
to remove heavy
metal toxins.
Also takes an
intravenous
phospholipid exchange to rejuvenate and
detoxify his cell membranes.
(See also Dr. Mercola article on
neurotoxic membrane syndrome & detoxification.)
Also takes N-acetyl-cysteine,
which is used for mercury
detoxification, probably a good idea for
fish
eaters and men with old-fashioned dental fillings worldwide.
Dr. Grossman also takes a wide range of anti-aging supplements [62s] in optimum,
often greater-than-RDA amounts.
Google Links:
Genomics Testing,
Cryopreservation,
Cryopreservation
of DNA for Tissue Cloning,
Heart Transplants from
Transgenic Animals,
Bionic Hearts,
Detoxification of Cell Membranes,
Mercury detoxification.
Google Books:
Genomics Testing,
Cryopreservation of Tissue,
Cryopreservation
of DNA for Tissue Cloning,
Heart Transplants
from Transgenic Animals,
Bionic Hearts,
Detoxification of Cell Membranes,
Mercury Detoxification.
Life Extension Search:
Genomics Testing,
Cryopreservation of Tissue,
Cryopreservation
of DNA for Tissue Cloning,
Heart
Transplants from Transgenic Animals,
Bionic Hearts,
Detoxification
of Cell Membranes,
Mercury Detoxification.
|
|
